Which of the following is a common application of reverse osmosis outside wastewater treatment?

Desalination of seawater is a common application of reverse osmosis because this technology effectively removes salts and other impurities from seawater, making it suitable for human consumption and agricultural use. In reverse osmosis, pressure is applied to seawater, forcing it through a semi-permeable membrane that allows water molecules to pass while blocking larger molecules and ions, such as salt. This process is particularly important in areas where fresh water is scarce, providing a reliable source of potable water from abundant seawater resources.

Other applications, such as composting organic material, creating filtration media, or incineration of waste, do not utilize reverse osmosis. Composting is a natural breakdown of organic materials, creating nutrient-rich compost, while filtration and incineration pertain to entirely different processes not involved with reverse osmosis technology.