What is the purpose of disinfection in wastewater treatment?

The purpose of disinfection in wastewater treatment is primarily to kill or inactivate pathogenic microorganisms. Pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and protozoa, can pose serious health risks to humans and the environment if they are released into water bodies without adequate treatment. Disinfection helps ensure that the treated water is safe for discharge or reuse by effectively reducing or eliminating these harmful organisms.

The emphasis on disinfection is particularly crucial in the final stages of wastewater treatment, where the focus shifts to ensuring public health and environmental safety. Various disinfection methods, such as chlorination, ultraviolet (UV) light, and ozonation, are employed to achieve this goal. By highlighting the critical role of disinfection, it becomes clear that its main function is to protect against contamination and disease, which is vital in maintaining a healthy ecosystem and safeguarding human wellbeing.